Who Can Garnish Your Wages?

Almost anyone you owe money to legally can apply for a court order to garnish your wages, however they cannot do it without going to court and presenting legal proof of the debt and proving that you legally owe the debt.

You may be garnished by a creditor, by your ex if you have failed to pay child support, or by someone who has received a judgment against you that you have failed to pay.

Before you are garnished, the creditor must first send you a garnishment notice.  It must contain the following information:

  • A statement that garnishment has been authorized
  • A notice of any potential exemptions from the garnishment
  • Procedures you can go through to protest the garnishment

Most creditors won’t bother to get a garnishment if there is nothing available to take.  In many states, creditors can’t take vehicles and sell them to satisfy debts, but in a few states they can.  Generally, garnishment orders won’t be sought if there are no regular wages available to garnish, and there are no bank accounts available to garnish.

If you owe money to a particular company or individual who has received a judgment against you, it is very important to attempt to set up a payment plan with that individual as soon as you possibly can.  If you ignore the debt or judgment, the creditor is much more likely to seek a garnishment order against you.  If you are in a payment plan and you miss a payment, you will usually be able to talk to the other party and make arrangements for a late payment.  But if you wait until garnishment has already been ordered, you won’t be able to stop it.  Payments will be taken from your wages or bank account before you have a chance to do anything about it, and before you even get your paycheck.  You will have no say in the matter, except to petition the court to potentially stop garnishment or lower the amount.

So if you owe anyone money that can be legally proven, try to work it out with them.  Almost anyone can get a garnishment legally if they can prove you owe them a debt.

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22 Responses to Who Can Garnish Your Wages?

  1. judi says:

    can they garnish wages from a debt that has past statue of limitations

  2. Jenny says:

    There is only a certain amount of time available to debt collectors to sue you for payments. If your debt is too old, they can’t take you to court.

    When it comes to collecting on student loans, the government can garnish social security to pay off your student debt. Here the statue of limitations does not apply although this may change in the near future.

    Because this is not a well settled area of the law, you may want to talk to an attorney.

  3. mike says:

    I have a law Office wanting to garnish my ckeck for hospital bills! I just started this job and cant afford any garneshments! My job dont allow it so what do i do!? They want $150 a mo and their is no way i can afford that!?? No way!

  4. Jenny says:

    If you owe some money then the hospital can use a law firm to have your wages garnished. Before this is decided by a court you can try and reach an agreement on paying back on your own terms.

    If you received a writ of garnishment and it is causing you hardship you could ask for exemption. You are entitled to a minimum quality of life.

  5. Steve Webb says:

    Can i garnish my ex wifes pay because alimony to me is late and in arrears. I f not garnished how can I get money owed to me

  6. Jenny says:

    Whenever someone has an outstanding debt the creditors can use legal means to
    get their money back.

    You will have to consider the cost of a lawyer if you want to take this to court. I suggest
    you try to get some free advise first. Maybe the court that ruled the alimony in your favor
    has a legal office where you can ask your question.

    If you know a lawyer or a friend of yours does, see if they can give you a professional opinion
    and take your case on a results guaranteed basis.

  7. Amy says:

    I am being garnished for a debt they say is owed by my husband. A company bought this debt and has been garnishing my wages for the $4,000 they claim is owed a credit card company. My husband and I filed bankruptcy in 1998. He is disabled and no longer works. They attempted to garnish his wages, but as I said, he isn’t working. I work at a school district and bring home less than $1,000 a month to support my family. My daughter is in college. We are running on empty…plus being garnished $200 a month to cover this debt.

    No one, including the garnishor can tell me what this debt is for. When asked for copies of signatures and what was purchased, they don’t have it. The Sheriff’s department is in charge of the garnishment and they also have nothing and refer me back to the garnishor. I am running in circles and cannot afford a lawyer to fight this. What do I do?

  8. Jenny says:

    Bankruptcy will not always shield you from garnishment.

    You should have received a writ of garnishment when a judged decided in favor of this credit company though. Unless you moved and the document was sent to an old address.

    You may need to get professional help if the garnishor is not providing you with the information you need to fight this garnishment.

  9. Tom says:

    How many years does it take, so that the creditors can’t sue you for what you owe them when you can’t afford to pay them?

  10. Jenny says:

    If you have never paid anything and never acknowledged the debt then you may have a small chance. Once you have received a writ of garnishment it is official.

    Laws are different for every state or country so you should consult a financial counselor for your particular case.

  11. Mike B. says:

    I lost my home that was backed by the usda,they turned it over to the Department of the treasury. They want me to pay almost 4000 dollars a month for five years. Can they garnish my wages?

  12. Jenny says:

    US government is usually not an easy creditor to deal with. There are laws in place that allow the USDA to garnish wages as you can see in this document:

    http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2011/janqtr/pdf/7cfr3.53.pdf

  13. Christina says:

    I’m being garnished almost 25% for a car loan I co-signed on a couple years ago. I was never served by a summons and never went to court. I was never called by anyone either. The way I found out was when I double checked my paystub on payday. Is this legal? How can I get it to stop, I never even drove the car.

  14. Jenny says:

    When you co-signed for the car loan you assumed some responsibility.

    It is strange you were never advised about the garnishment. First thing you should do is contact your employer to find out the details of the court order they got served. Then you can go to the court and ask why you were not informed.

  15. Gart S. says:

    Can they garnish my pension for non payment on a fifth wheel I have been unable to sell for a year? I have lowered the price several times still with no luck? I am currently up to date on payments but do not know how much longer I can handle the $480.00 a mo. pmt.

  16. Jenny says:

    Government administered benefits, such as state pensions and social security, cannot be garnished by a judgment. Private pensions enjoy similar status in most states. However it is best to create an account into which you deposit all of your exempt funds for better protection.

    Read more at: http://www.bills.com

  17. Janat says:

    I just recieved a call today saying I’m being summoned to court for a bank account that went negative in 2009. I dont have the amount they’re asking for, what should I do? Can they garnish my wages? Can they take my student loans?

  18. Jenny says:

    If you get called to court you should go. Otherwise the decision will likely be in favor of the creditor. You should bring proof of your income and living expenses to keep the amount that can be garnished as low as possible. It will be easier if you are assisted by a lawyer.

  19. Venus F. says:

    I live in Illinois and just found out today that my paycheck was garnished for a unpaid debt for a car. I never received notice about the agency garnishing my check and when I contacted my payroll they said they did not have to give me a notice; it would only be a courteous if they did. I don’t know what to do. I can not afford to have my check garnished. I am the only one employed for a family of five. Should I contact a lawyer or file bankruptcy? Please help.

  20. Jenny says:

    The garnishment has normally been ordered by court so your employer must apply it.

    If you feel it is impossible for you to live on a lower budget you can apply for exemption:

    http://www.howtostopgarnishment.com/garnishment/how-to-claim-exemption-from-garnishment/

    Bankruptcy is not always a solution. A lawyer could advise you on this.

  21. julie says:

    If I am paying on a student loan can they still garnish my wages?

  22. Jenny says:

    If you are paying regularly according to the loan contract there is no reason to. Once you default on your loan the creditor will come after you.

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